The average temperature on our planet is rising every year. Without getting political about the matter, the fact is, the average temperature on the planet has risen over the last 40+ years. Fluctuations of 1-2°F sounds minimal, but a 5°F change over a short period can cause some severe weather-related issues. When you are out in the heat, doing anything strenuous can cause one of three heat related illnesses. Here are the symptoms and how to treat them.
Heat Cramps:
Symptoms:
- Painful muscle cramps spasm in legs or abdomen
- Sweating profusely
First Aid:
- Apply firm pressure on cramping muscle, or massage gently to relieve spasm
- Provide water in small quantities unless the affected individual is nauseated
Medical Attention:
Seek medical attention if symptoms continue for over 1 hour
Heat Exhaustion:
Symptoms:
- Dizziness
- Muscle cramps
- Heavy sweating, feel weak and tired
- Cool, clammy, pale skin
- Fast/weak pulse
- Nausea/vomiting
First Aid:
- Move the person to a cooler environment
- Loosen clothing for air circulation
- Apply wet/cool cloth or have person sit in a cool bath
- Provide water in small quantities unless the affected individual is nauseated
Medical Attention:
If person vomits more than once, seek immediate medical attention
Heat Stroke:
Symptoms:
- Fainting/loss of consciousness
- Confusion
- Dizziness
- Intense headache
- Red, hot, damp or dry skin
- Rapid/strong pulse
- Nausea/vomiting
First Aid/Medical Attention:
- Call emergency (911 or equivalent in your country) or take the victim to the hospital emergency care immediately
- Heat stroke is a severe medical emergency, and can be fatal if untreated in a timely manner
- Move victim to a cool environment, provide wet cloths and/or cool bath if possible while you wait for medical professionals to arrive
- DO NOT provide water or other fluids
With temperatures climbing above 100°F, and in some locations, humidity exceeding 50% or even higher like 80%+, these heat related illnesses are happening more often to people than ever. Stay indoors or in the shade during these times and minimize overexertion on your body. If you absolutely must be outdoors, take breaks in the shade often, stay hydrated, and be done with what you need to accomplish in a timely manner.
Stay safe and be well.
